The Life of Socrates :: Ancient Rome Roman History

The Life of Socrates I. Socrates The most interesting and influential thinker in the fifth century was Socrates, whose dedication to careful reasoning transformed the entire enterprise. Since he sought genuine knowledge rather than mere victory over an opponent, He familiarized himself with the rhetoric and dialectics of the Sophists, the speculations of the Lonian philosophers, and the general culture of Periclean Athens. Socrates employed the same logical tricks developed by the Sophists to a new purpose, the pursuit of truth. Thus, his willingness to call everything into question and his determination to accept nothing less than an adequate account of the nature of things make him the first clear exponent of critical philosophy. Although he was well known during his own time for his conversational skills and public teaching, Socrates wrote nothing, so we are dependent upon his students (especially Kenophon and Plato) for any detailed knowledge of his methods and results. The trouble is that Plato was himself a philosopher who often injected his own theories into the dialogues he presented to the world as discussions between Socrates and other famous figures of the day. Nevertheless, it is usually assumed that at least the early dialogues of Plato provide a (fairly) accurate representation of Socrates himself. Socrates profoundly affected Western philosophy through his influence on Plato. Born in Athens, the son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor, and Phaenarete, a midwife, he received the regular elementary education in literature, music, and gymnastics. Initially, Socrates followed the craft of his father; according to a former tradition, he executed a statue group of the three Graces, which stood at the entrance to the Acropolis until the 2nd century AD. In the Peloponnesian War with Sparta he served as an infantryman with conspicuous bravery at the battles of Potidaea in 432-430BC, Delium in 424BC, and Amphipolis in 422BC. Socrates believed in the superiority of argument over writing and therefore spent the greater part of his mature life in the marketplace and public places of Athens, engaging in dialogue and argument with anyone who would listen or who would submit to interrogation. Socrates was reportedly unattractive in appearance and short of stature but was also extremely hardy and self-controlled. He enjoyed life immensely and achieved social popularity because of his ready wit and a keen sense of humor that was completely devoid of satire or cynicism. II. Attitude Toward Politics Socrates attitude toward politics was obedient, but generally steered clear of politics, restrained by what he believed to be divine warning.

Health Care Interface Design Essay

This paper is mainly discussing about the user interface design problems faced by the healthcare professionals in the healthcare industry with the applications in their handheld devices that assist them in dealing with daily routine work. The authors attempt to identify and address the key problems from the previous researches. To tackle these issues, a mobile user interface (UI) framework is reviewed as the basis for discussion and suggestion for improving future interface design for healthcare. The discussion also includes case study on the interface design of an existing medical applications available on iPhone as the example of evaluation. 1 Introduction In the dynamic healthcare industry, healthcare professionals are expected to be highly mobile, ready and on-the-go. Accessing instant medical information at work is required almost all the time. Instead of carrying bulky laptops around the workplace, most healthcare professionals are carrying with them handheld devices of either the Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) or smart phone nowadays. The applications commonly used by the healthcare professionals are those that enable them to have access to patients’ information, drugs information and administrative functions (Honeybourne et al, 2006). In order to keep them competent at workplace, usability of the mobile application is of vital important in ensuring that information can be retrieved by the healthcare professionals instantly at all conditions. In view of this, the objective of this paper is to understand the difficulties faced by this group of people with their mobile application and to provide insightful solutions to th ese problems in the context of user interface design. 2 Healthcare Interface Design Healthcare interface design is one of the important aspects many researchers are focusing on over the past decades. It is increasingly supported by multiple technologies including human computer interaction and media interactive design to improve the efficiency and quality. Generally, IT has the potential to provide healthcare professionals with faster access to patient information mainly by electronic healthcare records (EHCR) and medical knowledge resources (Volsko, 2004). These functions are normally associated with the use of stationary computers but also available on mobile technology such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), which can be used in a more flexible way than the stationary computers. A PDA is a small handheld computer popular for calendar and note functions (Lundby, 2002) but nowadays, PDAs are also employed in various medical applications, as well as in business and education environments (Volsko, 2004). A PDA allows large volumes of updated information to be stored in the pocket. It is the substitution or complement to laptops because it works as efficiently as a wireless mobile device that implies reading and computing data including images in a hospital environment. With connection to a computer it allows regular backups, data transfer and software downloads (Huffstutler, Wyatt & Wright, 2002). Different healthcare professionals have used the PDA to a various extent for different tasks, such as accessing patient records, writing prescriptions, billing, performing medical computations, e-mail, accessing the internet and medical textbooks (Miller, Beattie & Butt, 2003). 3 Problem Statements Although the latest PDAs and handheld mobile devices have increasing capabilities in getting information, there are still several issues affecting the user’s ability to access and use the information. Based on the studies by other researchers, the key issues are identified and addressed as follows: 3.1 Only Part of Screen is used to Show Information. Several studies done by researchers, who involved in healthcare PDA interface design, found that most of the healthcare professionals are not happy with the interface when it comes to display of information. Internet-based information or database information is usually delivered though web browsers of PDA. If only part of the screen is used to display information, users are unable to view the full information. Typically, the medical information is delivered inside one display window on the handheld device. Only part of the information is seen as it squeezed with other elements, for example, navigation buttons, menu, and etc. to fit into the window. Most of the browsers in the computer are able to switch to full screen display and this function enable users to hide the unwanted toolbars temporary while increasing screen space for information display. However, this was not available on the browser of handheld device. 3.2 Scrolling is Not Good Design for Healthcare Interface Design On top of that, research shows that most of the users do not like the scrolling button. Especially for users of healthcare information, they all agreed with the suggestion that scrolling should be avoided or at least minimized. In some interface design researches (e.g. Albers & Kim, 2001); researchers propose dragging the content presented on a screen as another solution for this problem. But this way has been proved that users are still not comfortable in other studies. As mentioned in previous research papers, healthcare information in the PDA devices should be able to use visualization and interactivity and minimize amount of text as much as possible on a screen. Scrolling is obviously not function for this purpose. Usually, information of healthcare for learning is better to be designed in the way of representation, so that the information can be delivered only in one screen. Lots of experiences feedback has shown t hat large amounts of information can be organized and effectively presented in this way. 3.3 Switching between Portrait and Landscape Mode Switching between portrait and landscape mode is functionality that traditionally has been available as tailored functionality in specific applications, where the developers have found it useful. At least on the PocketPC platform, using only landscape mode as an alternative to portrait used to be quite common in games, but applications supporting both have been rare – at least for the application as such, it is more common for special features like showing a picture in full screen mode. During the last years, switching between landscape and portrait has become standard functionality in the operating system of most platforms (including Windows Mobile, Symbian S60v3 and v5, iPhone/iPod Touch ) and all included applications support the switching. Also, some devices supporting these platforms use landscape mode as standard when the built-in HW keyboard is used. This facilitates having a larger keyboard than models using platforms only offering portrait mode. 3.4 Handheld Devices is Harmful to Eyesight In the recent reports, users are concern with their handheld devices will have harmful impact to their eyesight, if users use the devices to search complex information, e.g. patient historic data, frequently and in long time. A recent article in the Wall Street Journal (Spencer, 2006) stated that the impact of a small screen device might have serious impact on an individual’s eyesight. In this article, author described a case study, which can be used to prove that a person who uses PDA devices would be affected especially in eyesight. 3.5 Lack of Short Contacts and Task Centeredness A healthcare handheld device usually assists and supports a user in his or her activities, e.g., searching patient information, scheduling time for doctors, looking for relevant medicine information and so on. Most of handheld devices for healthcare do not provide the function, which is to plan user’s tasks simultaneously. The short contact with device is useful and usually short in terms of time (e.g., reviewing the tasks and timetables, computing the amount of medicine, viewing the professional introduction from remote doctors, or making a personal note). Considering this useful function, many healthcare interface users demand to have this way, which is provided short contacts and task centeredness in a simple action on a small screen. Healthcare information plays a significant role, which is supplements for user’s intelligence and supports their needs of rapid and convenience information retrieval way using the functions of the device at hand. Portability ensures dat abases or information is always available to access and provides support at anytime and anywhere whenever needed. 3.6 Lack of Rapid Interaction One of the healthcare interface design purpose is the information and database materials should be provided through visualization and interactivity and the devices can deliver all necessary information with a single screen. Some interactive elements are necessary, for example, hot-spots and button. Those elements would be integrated in a learning object should provide immediate feedback to the learner. Rapid interactions, such as moving a button, should result in immediate updates on the screen according to a user’s action. This is useful for healthcare information users, as they would change elements frequently but they don’t have enough time to modify every single element, which is affected by this change. Other alternative is the ability for customization services or functions for design interactive method to communicate with their handheld devices. They want to move or redesign the buttons, arrows and sliders depending on their needs. 4 Mobile User Interface Design In this section, the mobile user interface design guideline that has been identified will be addressed accordingly. The guideline that has been selected will be used in the subsequent section to resolve the common problems faced by the healthcare professionals with their current mobile applications (Zafar, 2009). 4.1 Learnability The mobile device should provide easy and simple interface for users when they firstly use the application. To define simple interface is where the application should only provide limited functions in the application to allow users to achieve the goal easily. Complex system will require users to explore and study each features provided in the application will eventually turn the users off. 4.2 Efficiency Efficiency in this context refers to the number of steps that required for user to accomplish the goal. Key task should be as direct as possible, key features are preferable to be available on the first page when the application is launched without wasting unnecessary time. 4.3 Memorability The user interface should be easy to use every time the users interact with the application. With simple and easy interface, user has higher tendency to use the application repeatedly, as memorability is related to the frequency of the users utilize the application. 4.4 Error Recovery Ideally, a perfect interface shall not allow mistakes, but in reality that there is always bug and errors for the applications. Therefore, application should be able to recovery from the error and return to the latest operation that has performed by the user to reduce data loss and damage to increase the confident of the users towards the application. 4.5 Simplicity Although the interface design should be easy and simple for all the usual task, nevertheless less common task need to be possible as well to provide a complete solution for the users. However, unnecessary functions should be avoided to reduce complexity. Lastly, visual design and layout should be uncluttered to attract users for re-using it. 4.6 Mapping The expectation of users towards the application is very important, the application should provide feedback and return result base on the action made by the users. As each feature / function should map the expectation of the users. 4.7 Visibility In term of the visibility perspective, important information should be visible at the application, while less important information can be display in the features or to be selected if necessary to reduce complexity of the interface at the glance for the users. But ultimately, understanding the users goal is crucial as that will determine the information / contents to be displayed in the main screen when the application is launched. 4.8 Feedback Being able to prompt appropriate feedback to the users so that users will be aware that the application is executing the action is important. By providing proper feedback, users will not tend to repeat the command or waiting if the application is running. 4.9 Consistency By satisfying users’ expectations towards the application, likewise functions should be displayed and acted in the consistent and systematic way across the application. There should not be many changes when users select each features of the application. 4.10 Satisfaction Ultimately, overall satisfaction of the users towards the application is the keynote. An application is successful if it is used repeatedly with good feedback from users and users are comfortable with each features provided in the application.

Review Of Michael Caton Jones And Central Station Directed...

Ludovica Bernabei Professor Prapopoulos ENC 1101 5 December 2016 THE LOSS OF CHILDHOOD DUE TO TRAUMAS The actions, emotions, and distorted memories of children may be the result of the interpretation of a subconscious mind aspiring to accept past experiences. Children register circumstances in an imprecise and unclear manner due to the sensibility and the naà ¯vetà © of their mind which may cause significant repercussions in their lives. The mind of children struggles to elaborate lived or witnessed traumatic experiences, which can result in a forced growth of the child in adulthood with various reactions such as restlessness, agitation, and fear of abandonment. Films such as This Boy’s Life directed by Michael Caton-Jones and Central Station directed by Walter Salles portray a journey of self-discovery of characters who faced challenging and tragic experiences throughout their childhood. Reactions to events people experience are unique and subjective to each individual being strictly related to the mind’s interpretation of the eve nt, therefore children define and defy simply based upon the child’s level of comprehension from lived or observed experiences. Francine Cournos, author of â€Å"The Trauma Of Profound Childhood Loss: A Personal And Professional Perspective† examines the relationship between childhood loss and trauma symptoms, having experienced family bereavement and being placed into foster care. â€Å"Evidence Based Trauma Treatment For Children And Youth† is an article

A New Industrial Revolution in Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2281 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Industrial Revolution Essay Did you like this example? From prosthetics and biomechanics such as lifelike robots and moving artificial limbs, to new technologies such as special rockets that allow us to travel to mars, and to artificial intelligence which is completely changing the technology and medical industries, we are seeing a third industrial revolution that is advancing all of society. As the technology of society changes, the types of jobs that are available to people will change as well. This revolution will see a change from people working on the factory floor to the offices nearby, which will be full of designers, engineers, IT specialists, logistics experts, marketing staff, and other professionals because there will be no more need for workers since everything will be made by robots (The Third Industrial Revolution, 3). Since there is expected to be such a large shift in ideas, technology, and jobs within the next few years and decades, it is important to educate society on what to expect as we progress through this new industrial revolution. With many new technologies, ideas, and innovations today, we are seeing a new revolution where engineering will make a substantial and positive impact on society in the fields of biotechnology, robotics, materials, and space exploration. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A New Industrial Revolution in Society" essay for you Create order Biotechnology is the use of biological processes for purposes in the fields of biology, genetic manipulation, tissue reconstruction, and antibiotics. Biotechnology would not be as widespread as it is today without the use of biomaterials. A biomaterial is a substance or combination of biologically inert substances that are used for implantation or integration in a living organism in order to improve or replace specific tissue or organ functions (Grosu-Bularda 422). Before this new technology, human organ and tissue transplantation was the standard, but there is now a limitation with donors, risk of rejection, and risk of infection. The use of biomaterials allows engineers and doctors to use materials that work properly with that specific persons body, allowing them to use the tissue, or other organ to its full potential. Biomaterials and artificial organs allow doctors to help the patient with a known obvious issue. However, if the issue is something that needs careful think, there is a likelihood that the doctor can diagnose the patient in a wrong way. According to the US Institute of Medicine, approximately one in 10 medical diagnoses is wrong and that in primary care, one in 20 patients will get a wrong diagnosis [this will] contribute to as many as 80,000 unnecessary deaths each year in the US alone (Sukel). Humans are not perfect and therefore doctors cannot make perfect medical diagnoses every single time. That is why artificial intelligence has become so important in the field of medicine. The computer is not only taught a vast amount of information, but it is also able learn new information as time progresses. For example, when [engineers] trained a deep-learning neural network using more than 100,000 images of skin problems, ranging from cancer to insect bites, then tested it on 14,000 new images, the system correctly diagnosed melanomas more often than seasoned dermatologists (Sukel). There have also been instances where computers have been able to outperform doctors when diagnosing diabetes, cancer, heart attacks, and general health. As technology becomes more powerful every day, artificial intelligence will be able to process large amounts of data at very high speeds, model complex relationships between different variables, and update themselves to stay consistent with the data. Robotics is technology used in designing machines that are capable of carrying out complex series of actions, some resembling humans by replicating general movements and functions. Marc Raibert, CEO of Boston Dynamics, an engineering company that creates highly advanced robots, believes that robotics will make a much bigger impact than the internet did. Raibert says, The Internet lets every person reach out and touch all the information in the world. But robotics lets you reach out and touch and manipulate all the stuff in the world and so it is not just restricted to information, it is everything (Galeon). Since robots are becoming very human-like, this can be seen as a good thing and a bad thing. These robots can help us with many daily activities and can do many things that humans might not be able to do. These robots are becoming more mobile, agile, skillful, and greater autonomous perception. However, there might come a time when these robots will take all of our jobs, or one day even rule over all of humanity. Another technology where robotics is important is in prosthetics. A prosthesis is an artificial device that takes the place of a missing body part. They are used to restore the normal functions of a body part that could have been lost due to trauma, disease, or congenital conditions. The origin of prosthetics is said to have been around 16th-century France. In more recent times, new lightweight materials and better mechanical joints were introduced to allow people to walk, run, jump, or climb again. Whether they were injured during war or were born with a defect, prosthetics have been able to impact all kinds of people, big and small. This new generation of prosthetics and robotics have included more movable joints, electrical signals connected to brain that allow user to move on their own, and other essentials that help each specific person with their daily activities. There are so many materials in todays society that affect the way we live and invent. In the past, things were made from screwing or welding two things together. However, in todays world, a product can be created on a computer and printed as a three-dimensional figure by building up layers of material to make it stronger and lighter. If you make a mistake, you are able to fix it immediately on the computer, where with real materials, you would need to start all over if you made a mistake. Products that are three-dimensionally printed are being used in many different applications. From organs and biomaterials, to hearing aids and prosthetics, and advanced parts for airplanes and vehicles. These new materials have become much stronger, lighter, and more durable than many materials used in the past. For example, carbon fiber has been used to replace high quality metals such as aluminum and steel in many automobiles, race cars, and airplanes. Some of these special materials can give different products very specific features, such as bandages that help heal cuts, engines that run more efficiently and crockery that cleans more easily (The Third Industrial Revolution). Along with 3D printing came the idea of 3D bioprinting. This concept is extremely similar to the conventional 3D printer, but it has the capability of producing biological products. Reconstructive surgery can be used for many surgical reasons. A new organ, such as an artificial bladder, heart valve, pacemaker, joint, skin, tissue, or bone, might be required by a patient. With prosthetics and bioengineering, engineers have been able to transform peoples lives by allowing them to live the life they used to have. The efficiency and reliability of product creation is becoming more advanced every day. The methods for mass production of items and materials are becoming more flexible, automated, and energy efficient due to many different methods of engineering. This new automation closes the disconnect between the design and manufacturing of a product, and mass customization allows for innovated and better- made products. Ever since the start of humanity, we have always been curious about where we came from and why Earth is such a special place. Since 1958, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has been focused on understanding Earth, the Solar System, the Big Bang, and other topics including astrophysics and climate change. The next few years will be very important for agencies like NASA and companies like SpaceX that plan on sending robots to Mars. These robots will look for signs of bacteria, indicating that life is present on Mars, and therefore increasing the likelihood of humanity moving to Mars. NASA also plans on sending humans to Mars, the furthest human exploration in space in history. These astronauts will begin testing the many technologies and systems that are needed for living on mars as well as missions to other destinations in space. The International Space Station, a research laboratory in low-Earth orbit, creates a one of kind location for scientific advancements, testing of new technologies, and research in the fields of biology, chemistry, and physics. NASA is also, helping transform aviation by developing advanced technologies for revolutionary aircraft shapes and propulsion, and for the airspace in which they fly, which dramatically improve efficiency, reduce noise and maintain safety in more crowded skies (Dunbar). They are planning to continue creating technologies such as solar electric propulsion, deep space navigation, new green propellants, and in-space manufacturing and assembly (Dunbar). This new technology will help advance the idea that NASA has of reach deep space destination in the future. With all of these new technologies and innovations in this third industrial revolution, we expect to see a dramatic change in jobs and the work force. It has been estimated that, about 65% of children entering primary schools today will likely work in roles that dont currently exist (Dunne 1). There will be a decline in office, manufacturing, and production roles, and an increase in business, financial operation, and computer and mathematical function roles (Dunne 2). However, why are we seeing such a sudden change in jobs? Just like the two previous industrial revolutions in the 16th century and the 20th century, there was a large disruption in the amount of jobs available for specific fields. For example, when the Model T car was created, there was a decline in farriers, or people that trim horses hooves. This is due to the fact that less people were riding horses, and more were buying cars. The future will most likely consist of factories completely filled with robots. Therefore, humans will need to take jobs in offices that will most likely be full of designers, engineers, IT specialists, logistics experts, marketing staff and other professionals to help create and look over the robots (?The Third Industrial Revolution). This third revolution will also affect where many of these products and technologies will be made and produced. Many companies are moving back to their own countries instead of staying in poor countries because they feel like it is more important that they are closer to their customers. It is believed that, in areas such as transport, computers, fabricated metals and machinery, 10-30% of the goods that America now imports from China could be made at home by 2020, boosting American output by $20 billion-55 billion a year (The Third Industrial Revolution). With the work force of society changing from office, manufacturing, and production, to business, science, and engineering, it is important to properly educate the people that will be going into these fields. The most important skills these people must have are how to work in teams, how to create quickly designs, how to reliably manufacture products, and how to use creativity and engineering together. In order to keep improving the technology of the future, the American workforce must have the ability to invent, design, and create new products, devices, systems and services in order to compete on a global level and to provide the spark of innovation to seed new industries and economic growth (Coates). The adults and more sophisticated members of society must ensure that the current and future generations have all the skills to succeed and are not left behind in this new technology and innovation race. Engineering, science, and technology, through its role of creativity and intelligence, has made a large impact in the improvement of the well-being and health of humans. The engineers of the future must have solid foundation in the basics of math and science. It is also important to emphasize creative and design which will allow these generations to effectively lead in the development and innovation of technologies to prevent the problems of the future. There needs to be a push in engineering professions that will, rapidly embrace the potentialities offered by creativity, invention, and cross-disciplinary fertilization to create and accommodate new fields of endeavor, including those that require openness to interdisciplinary efforts with non-engineering disciplines such as science, social science, and business (Coates). Engineering educators as well as engineers themselves need to take a large effort to address the technological and societal challenges of the future. Throughout history, there have been many great things that have come out of new ideas, technologies, and innovations. However, there have also some negative results such as pollution, global warming, depletion of scarce resources, and catastrophic failures of poorly designed engineering systems are examples. However, overall, engineers and their creations have impacted society and have reshaped the way that we live today. Through biotechnology, robotics, materials, and space exploration, we are seeing a new uprising in the field of engineering. New products, ideas, innovations, and technologies are allowing humanity to advance into the future where daily activities will be safer, easier, and quicker. These new technologies will help keep humans health and will also allow us to find out about how the Earth works and what its history is like. The next few years and decades will allow the field engineering to have opportunity to strengthen its role in society and to define an engineering career as, one of the most influential and valuable in society and one that is attractive for the best and the brightest (National Academy of Engineering). If future generations take this opportunity, it is important to show that the roles of engineers and engineering will help establish a new vision of the future that creates a society that continually succeeding in creating new technology, innovations, and ideas.

The Dharmic Religions of Hinduism and Buddhism - 1220 Words

Although both Hinduism and Buddhism both Dharmic religions and originate from similar cultural backgrounds, their individual beliefs regarding death and the afterlife differentiate from one and other. Both religions believe in the concept of reincarnation, but the difference lies in the process in which someone is reincarnated and subsequently where the individual stops the process of reincarnation and reaches the desired end point of the seemingly endless cycle. In Hinduism the concept of life and death is more complex than a body being born and subsequently reaching death. In Hinduism there is a spiritual entity within ones self called the Atman. The Atman, similar to a soul, is eternal, it does to adhere to the laws of the physical world, body included. Hindus believe that the atman cannot suffer, or feel pleasure, pain, or any other emotion that the physical body is tied to. This is because in Hinduism the Atman is a sense of pure consciousness, where the body is attempting to tap into this and achieved a sense of enlightenment; the Atman is the part of the individual, which exceeds the limitations of the physical body, not requiring needs or desires. The physical body experiences a relatively short life in comparison to the Atman, which is eternal. The bodily emotions one experiences when regarding death are physical limitations of ones physical self and not connecting with ones eternal self. Within the Hind tradition there are four stages of an individuals life.Show MoreRelatedReligion And Its Influence On Religion977 Words   |  4 Pagesabout religions that I hear since my childhood and it s said everywhere; that religions are all the same, and that they all call to the same ethical matters, ultimately lead to the same result as achieved the same end. 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Eleanor and the Second Crusade free essay sample

An examination of the experiences of Eleanor of Aquitaine during the second crusade. The paper examines the events experienced by Eleanor of Aquitaine and her first husband Louis while on route to Jerusalem during the Second Crusade. Although Louis would be viewed favorably for his efforts, Eleanor would be plagued for the rest of her life with rumors of impropriety and incest. Pernoud records the couples stay at Antioch in much the same way as Seward. However, Pernoud seems to give more credence to the possibility that an unnatural closeness may have existed between Eleanor and her Uncle. If we adhere to historical fact, it seems unquestionable that Eleanor acquired a bad reputation at Antioch.(Pernoud,72) He states that the charge of incest was leveled by the chronicler, William of Tyr, who cannot be dismissed lightly (Pernoud,72) Despite this assertion, Pernoud also insinuates that Eleanors reputation may have been the result of her open disputes and disagreements with her husband Louis while displaying complete agreement with her Uncle. We will write a custom essay sample on Eleanor and the Second Crusade or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Seward does not mention William of Tyr by name, his account states that the only chronicler to make this allegation wrote of them forty-years later. Seward also relays that contemporary authorities have found no evidence to conclude the possibility of incestuous behavior on behalf of Eleanor or her Uncle.

To Kill a Mockingbird Study Guide Essays - Literature, Film

To Kill a Mockingbird Study Guide Describe the following members of the Finch family: Atticus - Scout and Jem's father, a lawyer in Maycomb descended from an old local family. A widower with a dry sense of humour, Atticus has instilled in his children his strong sense of morality and justice. He is one of the few residents of Maycomb committed to racial equality . Scout - he narrator and protagonist of the story. Jean Louise "Scout" Finch lives with her father, Atticus, her brother, Jem, and their black cook, Calpurnia, in Maycomb. She is intelligent and, by the standards of her time and place, a tomboy. Scout has a combative streak (element) and a basic faith in the goodness of the people in her community . Jem - Scout's brother and constant playmate at the beginning of the story. Jeremy Atticus "Jem" Finch is something of a typical American boy, refusing to back down from dares and fantasizing about playing football . Calpurnia - The Finches' black cook. Calpurnia is a stern disciplinarian and the children's bridge between the white world and her own black community. What are the games that Jam and Scout play with Dill? Scout, Jem and Dill use their imagination to recreate and act out famous movies and plays. They do this for a long time, before creating their own stories. Eventually, they make stories about Arthur Radley (AKA Boo Radley) and are fascinated by his mysteriousness. Which motivates them to play games of bravado around the Radley place, which gets somewhat dangerous. Describe each of the following neighbours: Mr. Avery - Is an overweight neighbour that is deeply su perstitious. He blames the children's bad behaviour' for the snow. Mrs. Dubose - An elderly, ill-tempered, racist woman who lives near the Finches. Although Jem believes that Mrs. Dubose is a thoroughly bad woman, Atticus admires her for the courage with which she battles her morphine addiction. Ms. Maudie - The Finches' neighbour, a sharp-tongued widow, and an old friend of the family. Miss Maudie is almost the same age as Atticus's younger brother, Jack. She shares Atticus's passion for justice and is the children's best friend among others. What do we learn about the Cunningham's? The Cunninghams are one of the poorest families in Maycomb. They don't accept anything from people, if they can't return it. We learn about the Cunninghams through (mainly) Walter Cunningham. For example, Walter refused to take a quarter from Miss Caroline because he could return it back to her. Alsoin the beginning of thestory,Scout asks Atticus why the Mr. Cunningham drops off wood andAtticus says thatishis way of paying people back. What are the really important things that Scout learned at school on her first day? Scout receives quite an education on her first day of school, but most of it concerns withhow to deal with other people rather than with scholastic matters. First she learns from Jem that the two of them should have little contact with one another at school. Scout learns many things about Miss Caroline: that she hails from northern Alabama, an area filled with "persons of no background"; that she believes teaching should only be done by teachers; that she believes Atticus has been causing "damage" to Scout by reading to her; that cursive writing should not be learned until much later than the first grade; andthat Miss Caroline has never run across "cooties" (head lice) before. Most importantly, Scout learns lessons from Calpurnia about how to treat a house guest; and, from Atticus,how it is best to "climb into his skin" first before judging a person. She also learns the definition of compromise and how important it is to Atticus that she receive a public education. Episodes in the story that involve the Radley Place so far, and there significance: In Chapter One, Dill, Jem, and Scout first begin to wonder about Boo Radley. Dill was the first one to gain the obsession in seeing and discovering more about Boo Radley This terrifies Scout and Jem, but enthrals Dill. (Pages 12-15) Dill is convinced they should coax Boo out; Jem and Scout are sure he will kill himself. But when a dare is made